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Poomsae
An introduction for beginner to black belt and beyond
By Grand Master Tony Vohra 8th Dan. Photographs by Master Jeff Scott-Smith 5th Dan
In the August issue, we covered Taegeuk EE Jang, which is the second poomsae that is used in the basic development of Taekwondo techniques. This pattern has 23 movements counted as 18 consecutive counts with one Kihap at the end, performed over 18-23 seconds. This month we take a look at Sam Jang, the third form. Sam Jang has 34 movements counted as 20 consecutive counts with one kihap at the end and should take between 20-25 seconds to be performed, from sijak to baro.
Taegeuk Sam Jang is the pattern essential for progression from 7th KUP to 6th KUP (green belt). If we consider the new movements in this form we have the following.
* Momtong Dubeon Jireugi (midsection, double punch). This is delivered in similar motion to Momtong Jireugi and follows the front kick in this form. It is a continuous motion performed whilst maintaining balance where two strikes to the mid-section are performed consecutively, the target area being the solar plexus.
* Sonnal Mokchigi (single knife hand strike). In this form, this technique is performed in ap seogi (walking stance) with the reverse hand, and delivered by bringing the sonnal (knife-hand) to the height of shoulder and strinking the neck. When executing Chigi (strike) the opposite fist starts at the level of the shoulder and is held in front, whilst covering the midriff and vital organs, it is then drawn back to the waist at impact.
* Hansonnal Momtong Bakkat Makki (single knife-hand outward block). The defending hand should be facing upwards whilst the opposite fist crosses at the height of the shoulder. As the defending hand moves away from the body it twists and the opposite fist should be brought to the waist. The blocking area is “Sonnal” meaning: the little finger side of the knife-hand, from its tip down to the wrist. Speed and consecutively delivered movements In Taegeuk 3 jang, the consecutively delivered combination movements follow.
* Apchagi-Momtong Dubeon Jireugi: front kick, double punch. When delivering this the procedure should follow the same order every time; kick, pull back, balance, step forward into ap kubi seogi (long stance) and double-punch. If the left foot kicks, the left hand makes the first punch. These three movements are delivered consecutively. Please note that these are delivered four times in this form.
* Araemakki-Momtong Barojireugi: which means low block, reverse punch to body, which is delivered twice.
* Apchagi-Araemaki-Momtong Barojieugi which is front kick, low block, reverse punch. When kicking it is important to cover the vital organs with the arms in a foreguard and centreguard position. After the kick it is important to balance and to step forward to execute the lowblock, followed by reverse punch.
When executing this form the new stance is Dwitkubi Seogi (back stance) which can be revised by referring to previous articles. The body weight should be distributed such as 70% of the weight is on the back leg and 30% is on the front leg. When doing this form it is important to ensure that you have symmetry and balance in techniques so that left and right side techniques are shown as mirror images. Visualisation of a real fight should be utilized when performing Poomsae. Attack and defence should be executed to centre line of your body. Please remember that defence is angular and circular. Attack is direct and straight. Power generation and force at deliverance of technique is generated by mass times acceleration and we are looking at being relaxed with tightening of core muscle groups occurring at the moment of impact.
From commencement to termination of a form it is important to remember that all movements balance out. This is shown through analysis of the forms, that the starting and finishing positions are the same. We are training to develop inner mental, physical and spiritual balance. Breathing and breath control is good for power development, relaxation and concentration, which will enhance performance.
Chigi: if an attack is enacted by the use of spinning force of the body or the fist moves in a circle with the elbow, either inflicted or stretched to impact on a target, it is called Chigi (hitting).
Master Tony Vohra is always pleased to advise individual students,instructors and clubs and can arrange demonstrations, courses & seminars to suit any individual or groups both at home and abroad. For further details please contact:
President Grandmaster S. S.
Vohra (8th Dan),
International School of Martial Arts UK HQ,Nottingham School of Tae Kwon Do,
Ilkeston Rd., Nottingham NG7 3FX,
England. Tel: 00 44 (0)115 9780439;
Fax: 00 44 (0)115 9785567
Emails: info@martialartsvohra.com
Photography:
Master Jeff Scott-Smith 5th Dan
(info@thecauldronweb.com)
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